Dedicated Server Hosting


Nov 09

Reinstall GRUB boot loader on Linux Dedicated Servers


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Before we proceed towards the tutorial for Reinstallation of GRUB boot loader on Linux Dedicated Servers, I would suggest you to have a look at the short description about GRUB boot loader which is given below.

Most of us who belong to the web hosting industry are well aware of the fact that the products and applications released under the GNU project are free. GRUB is also a boot loader package which is available for free i.e. it is released under the GNU project. Now, I would like to explain what does GRUB do.

GRUB is actually one of the multiboot specification which will allow you to install and run 2 different operating systems of the same machine. As you will have 2 different operating systems installed on the machine, you will need an option to select the operating system you wish to run when the machine starts, otherwise this feature won’t be useful. This option is available if you have GRUB installed on the Linux Dedicated Server Hosting. Alongwith this feature, you can also select different images of the kernel and pass boot time parameters on a single operating system’s partitions to such kernels.

Most of the hosting providers who offer Linux Dedicated Servers will assist you to install GRUB boot loader on the Linux Dedicated Servers, however, it might be possible that you will have to reinstall it on your Linux Dedicated Server Hosting. For this purpose, below are some steps which can be followed in order to reinstall GRUB boot loader on Linux Dedicated Servers.

Important : The steps given below are for RedHat and CentOS operating systems only and the steps should be followed in rescue mode. Also, the steps given below are to reinstall a grub which is deleted by mistake or which is corrupted due to some reason.

1. Firstly, it is important to boot the system and hence you should do this before you proceed.

2. As the installation is to be done in the rescue mode, you should enter the rescue mode first and you can do this by entering the Linux rescue command as given below.

Note : Make sure that you enter the Linux rescue command at the installation prompt.

Quote:
linux rescue

3. In order to mount the root partition, enter the command given below :

Quote:
chroot /mnt/sysimage

4. /dev/hda is the boot partition where you need to reinstall the GRUB boot loader and you can enter the command below to do so.

Quote:
/sbin/grub-install /dev/hda

5. Check the file /boot/grub/grub.conf again.

Reason for the confirmation : It might be possible that some additional entries may be needed for GRUB.

6. There is only step to follow i.e. Reboot the system and you are done.

7. Congratulations as you have already Reinstalled GRUB boot loader on your Linux Dedicated Server Hosting.

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Nov 06

TCP Wrapper on Linux Dedicated Servers


Posted: under Dedicated Server Hosting, Linux Dedicated server, dedicated servers.
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TCP Wrapper actually acts as a firewall for your Linux based dedicated server hosting. The reason it is referred to a kind of firewall is the fact that the incoming packets are monitored by the TCP Wrapper. If you have a Linux dedicated server then it might be possible that a hacker attempts to login into your Linux dedicated server.

TCP Wrapper will check if the external source is authorized to connect to the server. If it is not authorized, the login permission will be denied and if it is authorized, the login attempt will be successful. For this reason, you can also call TCP Wrapper as a domain computer program. It is one of the best programs available to keep hackers away from your Linux based dedicated server hosting.

This program was basically developed as your Linux dedicated server is connected to the network and it is necessary to filter the network before the server anyone can gain access to the server. TCP Wrapper is indeed a very good program, however, you can read below to find out how does it work.

When someone tries to login into the server, “/etc/hosts.allow†is checked for an entry file. If it is present, it is possible to continue. Even if this is not found, it is possible to continue. However, “/etc/hosts.deny†file is checked. If there are no matches found this time too, you will be able to continue, however, if a match is found this time, you won’t be able to continue and the service will be blocked.

For better understanding about this, you can go through the below example:

Example “/etc/hosts.deny” file:

SSHD: 192.168.1.1

If the above file is present, it will block access to the computer with IP address, 192.168.1.1.

Note : It’s when someone from the computer with the IP address, 192.168.1.1 tries to login via SSH, it is possible for you to run commands on your Linux dedicated server.

The below command will send an email to the email address you have registered.

sshd: 192.168.1.1: spawn (echo -e “%d %h %H %u”| /bin/mail -s ‘hosts.deny entry’ root)
Important : It is possible for you to run commands in “/etc/hosts.allow” if you would like to receive emails for successful login attempts on your Linux based dedicated server hosting.

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Mar 27

Linux Dedicated server: Zend optimizer installation


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Zend Optimizer on a Dedicated Server Hosting

Zend Encoder and Zend SafeGuard Suite are some software’s which encode some files. Zend optimizer is a free application software which runs these files while boosting the running speed of PHP applications. Zend Optimizer is required by many scripts so that you can run the scripts on your server while decrypting and running them on the fly while increasing runtime performance.

http://www.zend.com/store/products/zend-optimizer.php

Installation of Zend optimizer :

Follow the steps given below to install Zend optimizer :-

1) First off grab a copy of the optimizer Linux glibc2.1to install it on your dedicated server. http://www.zend.com/store/free_download.php?pid=1

2) You will have to upload the file on your web server once you have downloaded the file locally. FTP to your server and upload it to a directory of your choice.

3) Now Uncompress/extract the file
tar zvfx ZendOptimizer*.tar.gz
cd ZendOptimizer-2.5.3-linux-glibc21-i386/

4) Now run the installer,
./install.sh

5) The welcome screen

6) The agreement

7) Where do you want to install Zend Optimizer?

8) Locate your php.ini file

9) Select Yes, chances are you are using Apache web server

10) Enter the location of where apache files are located

11) Zend changing your php.ini file location, make a note of this.

12) Restart your web server for the changes to take effect.

13) Apache should restart successfully.
Note:You may also restart Apache manually using # /etc/init.d/httpd restart

15) Please ensure that Zend Optimizer is working you can do the following in the shell.
php -v

16) After the installation is completed you can remove the directory.
cd to where the extracted Zend first.
rm –rf ZendOptimizer-2.5.3-linux-glibc21-i386

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Mar 23

Setup remote MySQL on Linux Dedicated server Hosting


Posted: under Dedicated Server Hosting, Linux Dedicated server, dedicated servers.
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MySQL Server can be changed from local server (”localhost”) to point on remote server. You will be able to connect to MySQL through a remote location by this way.

Follow the steps given below to setup Remote MySQL :

1) Login to WHM

2) Click on SQL Services

3) Click on Setup Remote MySQL Server

4) Enter the name of the remote server in the host section and its password in the Remote MySQL Host Root Password

5) Click on ‘Setup’.

The aobve process is to setup Remote MySQL on Dedicated Server Hosting

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Mar 21

Linux Dedicated server:Manually bind IP address range


Posted: under Dedicated Server Hosting, Linux Dedicated server, dedicated servers.
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Following are some steps which are to be followed if you want to bind IP address range manually on your Dedicated web server Hosting.

1. First, login to the server via SSH :

Code :

root@server [~]# cd /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/

2. Then, Create a blank file ifcfg-eth0-range0 and edit :

Code :

[root@server network-scripts]# vi ifcfg-eth0-range0

3. Here IP range starts from 192.168.5.10 upto 192.168.5.30 .
Add following lines in ifcfg-eth0-range0 :

Code :

IPADDR_START=192.168.5.10
IPADDR_END=192.168.5.30
CLONENUM_START=1

IPADDR_START >> starting IP address
IPADDR_END >> ending IP address
CLONENUM_START >> will create interfaces such as eth0:0, eth0:1, eth0:2 etc …

4. As we have done some changes with the network-scripts directory,The following commands should be executed so that the changes are applied and the IP range is activated

Code :

root@server [~]# /etc/init.d/network restart

5. Now you can verify the IP address range has been added on the server with the command :

root@server [~]# ifconfig

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Mar 19

Linux Dedicated server:Apache configuration


Posted: under Dedicated Server Hosting, Linux Dedicated server, dedicated servers.
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Some of the basic but important points which should be noted when you are configuring Apache in Linux Dedicated servers are as follows:

> Do not consider Apache configuration file as Data Storage. Scripts are the examples of the changes which are made to the configuration file.

> State of the domain will be lost if the configuration file is currupted. This is one of the most important file.

> You cannot consider Apache configuration file as configuration interface. Not editing the configuration file is the best way.

> Creating the configuration that works. Ofcourse, creation of nonfunctional configuration also works.

> The changes which are seen in the configuration due to various possibilities should be noted.

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Mar 17

Linux Dedicated server:Kill user


Posted: under Dedicated Server Hosting, Linux Dedicated server, dedicated servers.
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If you wish to kill the process of a user on your Dedicated server Hosting or if you want to terminate a users process from the shell then you can use the commands given below :-

If you want the user jason’s process detailsps -aux |grep jason

from the output just kill the process id of that user and that user will be out from the shell without any wall message for him/her.

If you wish to complete this process by any other way then you can follow the steps given below :-

Task: How to halt/stop user called jason

Type the skill command as follows:
# skill -STOP -u jason

You muse be root to stop other users.
Task: How to resume an already halted user called jason

To send a CONT signal to user jason, type the following command:
# skill -CONT -u jason
Task: How to kill and logout user called jason

To send a KILL signal, type the following command:
# skill -KILL -u jason
Task: Kill and logout all users

The ultimate command to kill and logout all users, type the following command:
# skill -KILL -v /dev/pts/*

Important:Make sure that you send a notice or a warning message to the users to logout before you use the wall command which will prevent the data loss.

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Mar 15

Linux Dedicated server:reset Mailman password


Posted: under Dedicated Server Hosting, Linux Dedicated server, dedicated servers.
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Follow the below mentioned steps to reset Mailman password on Linux Dedicated web server Hosting :

1. First, login to cPanel

2. Click on Reset a Mailman Password

3. Now, click on Mailman user from list

4. Enter New Mailman Password and click on Change Password and you are done.

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Mar 15

Linux Dedicated server:cPanel features and license


Posted: under Dedicated Server Hosting, Linux Dedicated server, dedicated servers.
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Linux Dedicated server is provided with cPanel control panel. However, Linux can work with Plesk control panel also which is a different control panel. But, it is recommended that you have cPanel control panel with Linux Dedicated server. You can resell web hosting easily and also create web hosting reseller accounts if you have cPanel/WHM license. cPanel/WHM license will also provide you with features which are simply great and you cannot ignore them if you have a cPanel Linux dedicated server Hosting.

Nowadays, it has become very important for the clients and the resellers to have an administrative interface which provides amazing features to them and is quite easy to learn so that they do not waste any time in learning. This is the reason that many of the web hosting clients choose the web hosting providers which provide cPanel with the support which is needed, the control panel and the web hosting account. If you are a reseller, it is also possible for you to provide the features of cPanel which are used by most of the web hosting providers which will help you out to increase your clients.

If you can provide the features with WHM and also use them perfectly then you can reach heights in web hosting.

Below are some of the features of WHM :-

1. Branded WHM Skins

2. Administrator, Reseller, and Client Account Management

3. Server Settings, MySQL, and Mail Service Administration

4. DNS and SSL Configuration

5. Server Stats, Processes, and Mail Queue Monitoring and for the users

Some of the features of cPanel are as follows,

1) Customizable Interface for Reseller Branding

2) Domain, Subdomain, and E-mail Account Management

3) Detailed Website Statistics with Webalizer and AWStats

4) MySQL Database Management with phpMyAdmin

5) E-mail Web Access for Domain and Subdomain Addresses

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Mar 12

Firewall configurations on Linux Dedicated server


Posted: under Dedicated Server Hosting, Linux Dedicated server, dedicated servers.
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Follow the steps given below to configure Firewall on a Dedicated servers :-

> Open /etc/apf/ad/conf.antidos
> Change LP_KLOG=”0? to LP_KLOG=”1?
> CONAME=”Your Company” ( Enter Companies Name )
> Change USR_ALERT=”0? to USR_ALERT=”1? ( 1 only if you need alerts for emails )
> USR=”you@yourco.com” ( Enter the Email Address )
> Execute : crontab -e

*/2 * * * * root /etc/apf/ad/antidos -a >> /dev/null 2>&1

This will run anti-dos in two minutes

Once this is done properly, Firewall is Configured on your Linux Dedicated server.

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